The general reflection equations are described as a sequence of analytical relations between the series coefficients. In detail, we have defined local aberrations of those three surfaces in terms of local power series coefficients, which describe the surfaces in local coordinate systems aligned with the chief rays or the surface normal, respectively. The reflection equations are relations among an incoming wave front, a reflective surface, and the reflected wave front. These results include the well-known scalar vergence equation, as well as the Coddington equation (order k = 2) as a special case, and extend these reflection equations to aberrations of any arbitrary higher order k > 2. In this work we describe a general method for obtaining the reflection equations for local wave front aberrations of any order and for arbitrarily oblique incidence conditions. Dietmar Uttenweiler, in Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics, 2012 7 Summary So, using the spectral-reflection function W(∅) we can write the Phong specular reflection model as :įor many opaque material surfaces, specular reflections are nearly constant for all incident angles.Gregor Esser. In general W(∅) tend to increase as the angle of incidence increases, at ∅=90* W(90*)=1, and in this case, all the light incidents on the surface of the material is reflected. Where ∅ the value lies in the range of 0 ≤ ∅ ≤ 1. We can control the intensity variation of the light through, specular-reflection, using spectral-reflection function W(∅) for each surface. The intensity of specular reflection depends on the object(Material) properties of the surface & the angle of light incidence, as well as other factors such as the polarization and color of the light incident. The value of n s for brighter(shiny) surfaces could be 100 or more whereas for dull surfaces its value is 1 or less than 1. Where n s is a specular reflection parameter whose value is determined by the type of surface to be displayed. The range of angle ∅ can lie between 0 ≤ ∅ ≤ 1. This model sets the intensity of specular reflection directly proportional to the cos n s(∅). An empirical model for calculating the specular reflection range, invented by the Phong Bui Tuong is also known as Phong specular reflection model. So, in this case, we could be able to see reflected light when vectors V & R coincides(viewing angle(∅=0)).Ī Shiny surface has a narrow specular reflection range, while a dull surface has a wider reflection range. ∅ = Viewing angle relative to the specular reflection direction R.įor ideal reflector surfaces(perfect mirror), incident light is reflected only in the specular-reflection direction. R = is representing the unit vector directed towards the ideal specular reflection Find number of days between two given dates.Find maximum (or minimum) sum of a subarray of size k.Zigzag (or diagonal) traversal of Matrix. Practice Questions for Recursion | Set 1.Maximum sum rectangle in a 2D matrix | DP-27.Program to calculate distance between two points.Virtualization In Cloud Computing and Types.Software Engineering | Prototyping Model.Minimax Algorithm in Game Theory | Set 3 (Tic-Tac-Toe AI - Finding optimal move).A Step by Step Guide for Placement Preparation | Set 1. vector::push_back() and vector::pop_back() in C++ STL.Top 10 algorithms in Interview Questions.ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam.ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys.GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys.Full Stack Development with React & Node JS(Live).Preparation Package for Working Professional.Full Stack Development with React & Node JS (Live).Data Structure & Algorithm Classes (Live).
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